The technological advancement to obtain high brightness sources is an ongoing and an important aspect of human development. From lighting the first fire millenia ago, mankind has been on a never ending quest to better ...

Low dimensional systeM.S. have got tremendous impetus in last few decades due to their interesting and exotic properties. These properties arise when one or more spatial dimensions are reduced to less than a nanometre.This ...

In optoelectronic applications, a transparent conductor plays a very important role. It allows photons as well as electricity to pass through, be it a situation involving a display device or an energy device. Accordingly, ...

Catalysts are vital to our existence. Without them, most products that we use like medicines, polymers, perfumes, fabrics, lubricants, etc. would not be available to us. Catalysts are materials that make a chemical ...

Design, synthesis and controlled fabrication of functional nanoscale systeM.S. are of paramount importance in chemistry, physics, biology, materials Science and nanoscience.1-12 In this context, over the past two decades ...

Practical demonstration of a working transistor by John Bardeen, Walter Brat- tain, and William Shockley in 1947 laid the foundation of electronics industry, and were awarded the Nobel prize in Physics (1956)1 for the ...

The term, \low dimensional systeM.S.", refers to those materials which are nite along at least one dimension. Due to their low-dimensionality, motion of microscopic degrees of freedom, such as electrons, phonons etc. ...

In Nature, disorder is more prevalent than order. In the realm of condensed matter, the most common form of disorder we encounter is structural disorder. The epitome of structural disorder is a glass, although crystals ...

Until the period of mid 1990s, there were mainly two kinds of porous materials, viz. inorganic material and carbon based material. At that time, zeolites and porous carbons were considered as classical porous solids.1 ...

Recent technological breakthroughs in materials synthesis and the growing aspiration for new and unique functions in materials have generated enormous demand for the novel materials. However, as single components, materials ...