Abstract:
The journey of 2D materials when successful isolation of monolayer graphene from
bulk graphite was demonstrated by A.K. Geim et al [1]. 2D materials provide the thinnest
platform to make ultrathin electronic devices beyond Moores law [2]. In graphene, carbon
atoM.S. are covalently bonded in a honeycomb lattice and is the basic building block of other
important carbon structure such as graphite, fullerene and carbon nanotube. In this 2D
honeycomb structure graphene has amazing physics and various extraordinary properties such
as massless Dirac fermions[4], distinctive integer and half-integer quantum Hall effect [4-6],
Klein Tunneling [7-8], ultra-high electron mobility (200,000 cm?2V?1s?1) [9-11] , very high
thermal conductivity (600Wm-1K-1 )[12] , high intrinsic strength and Youngs modulus [13],
very high surface area and ~ 97% transmittance for IR-UV range [14-15]. All these properties
benefits graphene in many application including: ballistic transport [65], solar cell [16],
energy storage [17], biosensors [18] , wearable device[19], transparent electrodes [20] and
catalysis[21].
