Abstract:
"Mitotic cell cycle ensures that the progeny cell receives a complete complement of the genome from the parent. Whenever growth supportive conditions exist, the cell senses and commits itself to the process of cell division that can be temporally delineated as the G1 (Gap1) phase, S (synthesis) phase, G2 (Gap2) phase and M (mitotic). Checkpoints are placed at G1/S, G2/M and metaphase-anaphase transitions the to ensure that key processes such as DNA replication, repair and chromosome segregation are completed at the desired phase. One of the key processes central to cell division is the segregation of sister chromatids, ensuring the daughter cells receive an equal genetic complement. The process of segregation is not initiated unless all the chromosomes are properly bi-oriented to spindles emanating from spindle pole bodies (SPBs). Premature segregation is avoided by sister chromatid cohesion and also by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) that senses improper/ unattached kinetochore(KT) and arrests the cell cycle prior to anaphase (Lara-Gonzalez et al., 2012).
"
